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INDIGENOUS STREET VENDORS IN ECUADOR

by Rosario Curichumbi Y, AMAUTA FOUNDATION, Quito Ecuador

Ecuador is a multicultural, multi-ethnic and multinational country with a diversity of peoples and cultures. This variety extends to the bio-diversity of its fauna and flora, thanks to the generosity of nature. The country is divided into four natural regions; the Coast or Littoral region, the Sierra or Interandina, the Amazónico or Oriente and the insular region of the Galapagos Archipelago.  

According to the previous decade’s census, it is believed that the population is 12 821 000. Thirty five percent of us are indigenous people living in different villages and belonging to different  nationalities. In all, we number about 4 300 000, and are the most vulnerable sector of our population. None of the governments in power during the entire republican period of Ecuador’s history, has worried about creating public policies to benefit this very important sector, in spite of the fact that this group feeds the entire nation, since its main activity is agriculture.  

During this last decade, the lack of government attention has prompted the massive movement of people from the countryside to the city. As a consequence, this migration has created the so-called ‘belts of  misery’ in cities like Quito, Guayaquil, Ambato, Machala, Santo Domingo de los Colorados, Quevedo, etc.  We indigenous people have found a completely different world in the cities that contrasts completely with our view of the cosmos. However, the instinct of survival enables us to face the immense difficulty of surviving in the cities. It is in this way that many of our brothers succeed in finding insecure and poorly paid jobs albeit with great difficulty. Many of us have committed ourselves to informal trade as street vendors.

Men, women and children walk the streets, avenues, dusty marginal areas, supermarkets, squares and vehicles offering different types of products, like packets of playing cards, fruit, vegetables, prepared food, clothes, music tapes, etc. We sell from door to door in residential areas, to pedestrians, housewives, office workers.

This journey is not easy. We have to start at three or four in the morning and continue until five or six in the afternoon. This is an endless routine.  

We are forced to do it every day of the year. On the days we don’t work, we don’t eat.  Furthermore, we have to carry the products on our hardened backs or shoulders, or in a wooden handcart or a rickety tricycle or wheelbarrow.

Meanwhile, there exists another group of informal vendors, who have been luckier and through negotiations by street vendor organisations’ management, they have persuaded the town municipalities to grant them a place on  pavements at the roadside, no bigger than two square metres each. These street vendors  start at five in the morning, and when the sun’s  light fades, they pack and store their goods in improvised warehouses overnight.  

The street vendors and informal vendors have to overcome many barriers. Many things are not within our reach. Life is a real odyssey. However, the reward for effort is a piece of bread for our family, especially for our children. We believe that just the struggle will change us and will improve our families’ life circumstances, so that we will be able to give our children a better education, and be able to prevent unhealthiness.  

Because these activities have no fixed timetable or time limits, they make us vulnerable to many abuses. The city police, the so-called security agents and health inspectors, amongst others, have ill-treated us with physical and psychological violence. The mestizos humiliate the indigenous people. Therefore, it is understandable that there exists a great deal of racism, delinquency, assaults, frauds, traffic accidents, etc.

This insecurity is wide-spread amongst all the workers. For this reason we urge the social security, police and human right organizations to concern themselves deeply with this human throng that generates the country’s resources day by day. We want to live like human beings and individuals by right. We appeal strongly to the politicians who form part of the government, to propose policies for all social sectors, including ours.  

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